Fetal atrioventricular block is a form a fetal bradyarrhythmia often classified into
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Epidemiology
Fetal atrioventricular block is considered rare finding with reported occurrences of around 1:11,000-20,000 live births 1.
Pathology
Associations
According to associated factor is can be often divided into three principal groups
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those associated with maternal antinuclear antibodies
maternal antinuclear antibodies are most often of the anti-Ro (SS-A) or anti-La (SS-B) type
those associated with congenital cardiac anomalies
seronegative isolated heart block
Treatment and prognosis
Fetal atrioventricular block has a variable prognosis with presence of fetal hydrops being an important marker predicting adverse outcome, followed by the association with complex cardiac malformations:
those without cardiac malformations are thought to have a significantly better prognosis
those with isolated congenital second-degree atrioventricular block carries a good prognosis in the absence of maternal anti-SSA/Ro-SSB/La antibodies 3
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