Gynaecologic Imaging-Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS)

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The ~~Gynecologic~~Gynaecologic Imaging-Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS) is a reporting system that was created for reporting the findings in adnexal masses based on transvaginal ultrasonography.

Classification

Findings are classified into five categories ¹:

GI-RADS 1
- normal ovaries identified and no adnexal mass seen
GI-RADS 2
- adnexal functional lesions
  - follicles
  - corpus luteum
  - ~~hemorrhagic~~haemorrhagic cysts
GI-RADS 3
- benign neoplastic adnexal lesions
  - endometrioma
  - teratoma
  - simple cyst
  - hydrosalpinx
  - paraovarian cyst
  - peritoneal pseudocyst
  - pedunculated myoma
  - changes suggestive of pelvic inflammatory disease
GI-RADS 4
- any adnexal lesion not included in GI‐RADS 1–3
- in addition, the lesion has one or two findings suggestive of malignancy such as:
  - thick papillary projections
  - thick ~~septations~~septationsd
  - solid areas
  - ascites
  - vascularisation within solid areas
  - papillary projections
  - a central area of a solid tumour visualised on colour or power Doppler
GI-RADS 5
- adnexal masses with three or more findings suggestive of malignancy (as listed above)

PerformanceTreatment and prognosis

GI-RADS has shown good performance ²with a 2021 meta-analysis ³ reporting a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 9286% ~~and 97% of~~at diagnosing malignant tumours ~~when compared to a final histological diagnosis~~ ²from adnexal masses.

~~Treatment and prognosis~~

Risk of malignancy has been reported as ¹:

GI-RADS 1: 0%
GI-RADS 2: <1%
GI-RADS 3: 1-4%
GI-RADS 4: 5-20%
GI-RADS 5: >20%

-The Gynecologic Imaging-Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS) is a reporting system that was created for reporting the findings in adnexal masses based on <a href="/articles/pelvic-ultrasound">transvaginal ultrasonography</a>.<h4>Classification</h4>Findings are classified into five categories 1:<ul>
~~-<li>GI-RADS 1<ul><li>normal ovaries identified and no adnexal mass seen</li></ul>~~
~~-</li>~~
~~-<li>GI-RADS 2<ul><li>adnexal functional lesions<ul>~~
~~-<li>follicles</li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/corpus-luteum">corpus luteum</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/haemorrhagic-ovarian-cyst">hemorrhagic cysts</a></li>~~
+The Gynaecologic Imaging-Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS) is a reporting system that was created for reporting the findings in adnexal masses based on <a href="/articles/female-pelvic-ultrasound">transvaginal ultrasonography</a>.<h4>Classification</h4>Findings are classified into five categories 1:<ul>
+<li>
+GI-RADS 1
+<ul><li>normal ovaries identified and no adnexal mass seen</li></ul>
+</li>
+<li>
+GI-RADS 2
+<ul><li>
+adnexal functional lesions
+<ul>
+<li>follicles</li>
+<li><a href="/articles/corpus-luteum">corpus luteum</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/haemorrhagic-ovarian-cyst">haemorrhagic cysts</a></li>
~~-<li>GI-RADS 3<ul><li>benign neoplastic adnexal lesions<ul>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/endometrioma">endometrioma</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/teratoma">teratoma</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/functional-ovarian-cyst">simple cyst</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/hydrosalpinx">hydrosalpinx</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/paraovarian-cyst-1">paraovarian cyst</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/peritoneal-inclusion-cyst">peritoneal pseudocyst</a></li>~~
~~-<li>pedunculated myoma</li>~~
~~-<li>changes suggestive of <a href="/articles/pelvic-inflammatory-disease">pelvic inflammatory disease</a>~~
~~-</li>~~
+<li>
+GI-RADS 3
+<ul><li>
+benign neoplastic adnexal lesions
+<ul>
+<li><a href="/articles/endometrioma">endometrioma</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/teratoma-1">teratoma</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/functional-ovarian-cyst">simple cyst</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/hydrosalpinx">hydrosalpinx</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/paraovarian-cyst-1">paraovarian cyst</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/peritoneal-inclusion-cyst">peritoneal pseudocyst</a></li>
+<li>pedunculated myoma</li>
+<li>changes suggestive of <a href="/articles/pelvic-inflammatory-disease">pelvic inflammatory disease</a></li>
~~-<li>GI-RADS 4<ul>~~
~~-<li>any adnexal lesion not included in GI‐RADS 1–3</li>~~
~~-<li>in addition, the lesion has one or two findings suggestive of malignancy such as:<ul>~~
~~-<li>thick papillary projections</li>~~
~~-<li>thick septations</li>~~
~~-<li>solid areas</li>~~
~~-<li>ascites</li>~~
~~-<li>vascularisation within solid areas</li>~~
~~-<li>papillary projections</li>~~
~~-<li>a central area of a solid tumour visualised on colour or power Doppler</li>~~
+<li>
+GI-RADS 4
+<ul>
+<li>any adnexal lesion not included in GI‐RADS 1–3</li>
+<li>
+in addition, the lesion has one or two findings suggestive of malignancy such as
+<ul>
+<li>thick papillary projections</li>
+<li>thick septationsd</li>
+<li>solid areas</li>
+<li><a href="/articles/ascites" title="Ascites">ascites</a></li>
+<li>vascularisation within solid areas</li>
+<li>papillary projections</li>
+<li>a central area of a solid tumour visualised on colour or power Doppler</li>
~~-<li>GI-RADS 5<ul><li>adnexal masses with three or more findings suggestive of malignancy (as listed above)</li></ul>~~
~~-</li>~~
-</ul><h4>Performance</h4>GI-RADS has shown good performance with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 97% of diagnosing malignant tumours when compared to a final histological diagnosis 2.<h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4>Risk of malignancy 1:<ul>
~~-<li>GI-RADS 1: 0%</li>~~
~~-<li>GI-RADS 2: <1%</li>~~
~~-<li>GI-RADS 3: 1-4%</li>~~
~~-<li>GI-RADS 4: 5-20%</li>~~
~~-<li>GI-RADS 5: >20%</li>~~
+<li>
+GI-RADS 5
+<ul><li>adnexal masses with three or more findings suggestive of malignancy (as listed above)</li></ul>
+</li>
+</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4>GI-RADS has shown good performance 2 with a 2021 meta-analysis 3 reporting a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 86% at diagnosing malignant tumours from adnexal masses.Risk of malignancy has been reported as 1:<ul>
+<li>GI-RADS 1: 0%</li>
+<li>GI-RADS 2: <1%</li>
+<li>GI-RADS 3: 1-4%</li>
+<li>GI-RADS 4: 5-20%</li>
+<li>GI-RADS 5: >20%</li>
~~-<li><a title="Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS)" href="/articles/ovarian-adnexal-reporting-and-data-system-o-rads-1">Ovarian-adnexal Reporting and Data System </a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/iota-ultrasound-rules-for-ovarian-masses">IOTA ultrasound rules for ovarian masses</a></li>~~
~~-<li><a href="/articles/reporting-and-data-systems-disambiguation">RADS (Reporting and Data Systems)</a></li>~~
+<li><a href="/articles/ovarian-adnexal-reporting-and-data-system-o-rads-1" title="Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS)">Ovarian-adnexal Reporting and Data System</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/iota-ultrasound-rules-for-ovarian-masses">IOTA ultrasound rules for ovarian masses</a></li>
+<li><a href="/articles/reporting-and-data-systems-disambiguation">RADS (Reporting and Data Systems)</a></li>

References changed:

1. Amor F, Alcázar J, Vaccaro H, León M, Iturra A. GI-RADS Reporting System for Ultrasound Evaluation of Adnexal Masses in Clinical Practice: A Prospective Multicenter Study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(4):450-5. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.9012">doi:10.1002/uog.9012</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21465605">Pubmed</a>
2. Amor F, Vaccaro H, Alcázar J, León M, Craig J, Martinez J. Gynecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System: A New Proposal for Classifying Adnexal Masses on the Basis of Sonographic Findings. J Ultrasound Med. 2009;28(3):285-91. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2009.28.3.285">doi:10.7863/jum.2009.28.3.285</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19244063">Pubmed</a>
3. Guo W, Zou X, Xu H et al. The Diagnostic Performance of the Gynecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS) in Adnexal Masses. Ann Transl Med. 2021;9(5):398. <a href="https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-5170">doi:10.21037/atm-20-5170</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33842619">Pubmed</a>
1. Amor F, Alcázar JL, Vaccaro H, León M, Iturra A. GI-RADS reporting system for ultrasound evaluation of adnexal masses in clinical practice: a prospective multicenter study. (2011) Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 38 (4): 450-5. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.9012">doi:10.1002/uog.9012</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21465605">Pubmed</a>
2. Amor F, Vaccaro H, Alcázar JL, León M, Craig JM, Martinez J. Gynecologic imaging reporting and data system: a new proposal for classifying adnexal masses on the basis of sonographic findings. (2009) Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. 28 (3): 285-91. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19244063">Pubmed</a>

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