2,836 results
Article
More black sign
The more black sign is a normal finding in lateral chest x-ray, and refers to the gradual increased apparent radiolucency (blackness) of the vertebral bodies, when proceeding from upper to lower chest. This is due to the increased proportion of the chest comprised of air containing lungs over di...
Article
Tadpole sign
The tadpole sign, also known as the lollipop sign, refers to a characteristic morphology of post-traumatic bridging vein thrombosis with a rounded "head" and a tapering "tail". The finding demonstrates a high specificity for abusive head trauma, a sub-type of non-accidental injury, and should wa...
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Nubbin sign
Nubbin sign (also called as cystic duct sign) is an important sign in a HIDA scan (cholescintigraphy using iminodiacetic acid analogs) that may be seen in cases of gallbladder neck obstruction. The "nubbin" refers to a small amount of radiotracer activity in the cystic duct, with absence of trac...
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Gage sign
The Gage sign is a V-shaped lucent defect at the lateral portion of the epiphysis and/or adjacent metaphysis. It is pathognomonic for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.
It may occur early in the disease and is one of the five indicators of a worse prognosis, which are:
Gage sign
calcification latera...
Article
Furstenberg sign
Furstenberg sign is a clinical feature of masses of the head that communicate with the intracranial compartment. Due to this connection, an increase in intracranial pressure will result in bulging or swelling of the mass. This can occur spontaneously during crying or can be elicited with a Valsa...
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Serpent sign
The serpent sign, (also knowns as the snake sign), is a sign described in hydatid disease. The WHO classification (2001) or Gharbi classification (1985) of hydatid disease describe several stages on ultrasound 1.
During the active stage, the cyst is composed of three layers: the outer (pericyst...
Article
Mulder sign
Mulder sign is a clinical test used to examine causes of metatarsalgia associated with Morton neuroma. It has high specificity (100%) but relatively low sensitivity (62%) 2. See the ultrasound correlate described separately: sonographic Mulder sign.
Technique
With one hand, clasp the metatarsa...
Article
Troisier sign
Troisier sign is the clinical finding of a hard and enlarged left supraclavicular node (Virchow node), and is considered a sign of metastatic abdominal malignancy.
Terminology
It is sometimes referred to as the Virchow node, which is the name given by Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) 6, a German pat...
Article
Kirklin sign
The Kirklin sign refers to a deformity of the normal gastric bubble on an upright chest radiograph due to a mass lesion of the gastric cardia or fundus.
The Kirklin sign is different from the Kirklin complex, a gastric finding on upper GI fluoroscopy.
History and etymology
Byrl Raymond Kirkli...
Article
Iris sign
The iris sign is the imaging appearance of deep medullary venous thrombosis/congestion-related white matter injury in neonates created by fan-shaped, outwards radiating hemorrhages or cytotoxic edema in the subcortical and periventricular cerebral white matter. The appearance resembles the flowe...
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Cogwheel sign
The cogwheel sign refers to the pelvic imaging appearance of dilated loops of fallopian tube seen in cross-section. It represents infolding projections (sometimes looking like nodules) into the fallopian tube lumen which are likened to that of a cogwheel. The sign is typically described on ultra...
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Tail sign
The tail sign has been described as being specific to Dandy-Walker malformation in fetal MRI.1
It is described as a linear T2 hypointensity in the inferior part of the vermis. Histologically, it corresponds to a thickness of the fourth ventricle roof that appears raised and dysplastic.1
The sp...
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Urachus sign
The urachus sign is a radiographic sign of pneumoperitoneum. It represents the outline of the median umbilical ligament with free abdominal gas in a supine patient, as seen on a plain abdominal radiograph.
Article
Dragonfly sign
Dragonfly sign describes the appearance of the cerebellum on coronal images, which is seen secondary to cerebellar atrophy in pontocerebellar hypoplasia 1.
The sign is so called as the whole cerebellum resembles the shape of a dragonfly if one imagines the vermis is the body of the insect and t...
Article
Snoopy sign
The Snoopy sign is a chest radiographic appearance in pericardial agenesis. It is due to combination of cardiac levoposition (heart shifted to the left), lengthening and flattening of the border of the left ventricle, radiolucency separating the left ventricle and left hemidiaphragm, radiolucenc...
Article
Pancake sign
The pancake sign represents flat, tranverse gadolinium enhancement at the midpoint of a hyperintense, spindle-shaped T2 signal and is seen on sagittal and axial MR imaging 1. The axial corollary is formed by circumferential enhancement with sparing the spinal gray matter 2. Of note, the enhancem...
Article
Squeeze sign
The squeeze sign is a pathognomonic feature of a colonic lipoma, where the lesion is seen to change in size and shape upon compression. This can be demonstrated with a barium enema examination where a well-circumscribed, spherical filling defect will be seen to elongate during peristalsis 1,2. T...
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Clinical signs
Clinical signs are really important to know in radiology. They are part of the communication strategy that clinical colleagues use to tell us what they are thinking. As such, it is vital that we understand that:
these signs exist
what they mean
how specific and sensitive they are (if known)
Article
P sign
The alphabet P sign, or just P sign, is a sonographic finding in acute epiglottitis. Using point of care ultrasound (POCUS), on a longitudinal view at the level of the thyrohyoid membrane, a P-shaped hypoechogenicity is apparent. The curved portion of the P is formed from the edematous epiglotti...
Article
Hildreth sign
Hildreth sign describes pain relief with application of a proximal tourniquet in patients with a glomangioma 1. The rationale is that ischemia will decrease the size of the tumor, as these tumors are highly vascular. The sign is reportedly very sensitive and specific for glomangioma, with a sens...
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