1,190 results
Article
Infraorbital nerve block
Infraorbital nerve blocks can be used as part of the management of trigeminal neuralgia or the rarer isolated infraorbital neuralgia. Ultrasound guidance is useful to identify the infraorbital nerve directly as well as identify anatomical variations 1,2.
Indications
infraorbital neuralgia non-...
Question
Question 638
A radiograph is taken of a kidney using a source to image-receptor distance (SID) of 100 cm with the kidney 50 cm from the plane of the image receptor. The kidney shadow is 24 cm long. The length of the kidney is approximately...
Question
Question 1633
A 75 year old lady has a CT after a history of breathlessness. There is a mass within the right atrium related to the free wall. The epicardial fat plane is lost and there is a pericardial effusion. Which is most likely?
Article
Double aorta artifact (ultrasound)
The double aorta artifact is a relatively common ultrasound artifact, which can appear both on standard B-mode and color Doppler imaging, resulting in an artifactually duplicated abdominal aorta in the transverse plane. Knowledge of this artifact is paramount as potential differential diagnoses ...
Article
Clitoral ultrasound
Clitoral ultrasound is a modality for imaging clitoral pathology, which can be the etiology of female sexual dysfunction. It can also be performed before and after gynecologic surgery to assess clitoral anatomy and blood flow. The exam involves a transperineal component.
Normal ultrasound anato...
Article
Couinaud classification of hepatic segments (mnemonic)
Pauli et al published a "handy" way to remember the Couinaud classification of hepatic segments 1.
Make a fist with your right hand. The fingers should be wrapped around the flexed thumb and the fist should face you. The segments are represented by the following:
segment 1: (caudate): the thum...
Article
Head circumference
Head circumference (HC) is one of the basic biometric parameters used to assess fetal size. HC together with biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) are computed to produce an estimate of fetal weight. In the second trimester, this may be extrapolated to an...
Article
Demyelination protocol (MRI)
MRI protocol for demyelinating diseases is a group of MRI sequences put together to best approach these white matter disorders characterized by the destruction or damage of normally myelinated structures. These disorders may be inflammatory, infective, ischemic or toxic in origin.
Historically...
Article
Esophageal MRI
Esophageal MRI, or gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) MRI, is a targeted mediastinal imaging protocol performed to stage and aid treatment decisions in esophageal and GEJ carcinoma. It is not yet included in major treatment guidelines, but recent literature have pointed promising accuracy compared...
Article
Head ultrasound
Head ultrasound (HUS), also called cranial ultrasound (CUS), is obtained for the diagnosis and follow-up of premature and sick neonates.
Advantages
Head ultrasound has the advantages of:
accessibility
mobility, i.e. bedside scanning at the NICU and neonatal ward
requiring no sedation
enabl...
Article
Elbow (lateral view)
The lateral elbow view is part of the two view elbow series, examining the distal humerus, proximal radius and ulna. It is deceptively one of the more technically demanding projections in radiography 1-3.
The projection is the orthogonal view of the AP elbow allowing for examination of the ulna...
Article
Mediastinal mass
Mediastinal masses may be caused by a wide variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathologies. It is helpful to identify the location of the mass since this significantly reduces the breadth of the differential diagnosis.
There are four conceptual compartments of the mediastinum which are di...
Article
Transcatheter mitral valve intervention
Transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TMVI) or percutaneous mitral valve interventions are less-invasive, highly technical procedures available for the management of selected patients with mitral valve regurgitation and include several transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) and transcathet...
Article
Abdominal paracentesis
An abdominal paracentesis (plural: paracenteses), more commonly referred to as an ascitic tap, is a procedure that can be performed to collect peritoneal fluid for analysis or as a therapeutic intervention.
Indications
diagnostic: especially for newly-diagnosed ascites
determine etiology of a...
Article
Spatial resolution (MRI)
In MRI, spatial resolution is defined by the size of the imaging voxels. Since voxels are three-dimensional rectangular solids, the resolution is frequently different in the three different directions. The size of the voxel and therefore the resolution depends on matrix size, the field-of-view,...
Article
Transthoracic echocardiography
Standard transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the most commonly performed form of echocardiography. It consists of five standardized windows which are obtained in a standardized sequence 1. Obtaining views from the left parasternal, apical, subcostal, and suprasternal notch windows is mandato...
Article
Temporal bone fracture
Temporal bone fracture is usually a sequela of significant blunt head injury. In addition to potential damage to hearing and the facial nerve, associated intracranial injuries, such as extra-axial hemorrhage, diffuse axonal injury and cerebral contusions are common. Early identification of tempo...
Article
iNPH Radscale
The iNPH Radscale is a reproducible semiquantified grading scale for the imaging findings of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH).
Scale
The iNPH Radscale uses the following imaging findings on both CT and MRI 1,4:
Evans index
≤0.25: 0 points
0.26-0.3: 1 point
>0.3: 2 points
narrow parieta...
Article
Sternoclavicular joint (serendipity view)
The serendipity view is a specialized radiographic projection utilized in the setting of suspect dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint. The projection is seldom used in departments with functioning computed tomography, but still utilized in postoperative imaging.
Indications
The serendipi...
Article
Endometrial carcinoma protocol (MRI)
A dedicated MRI protocol is crucial for accurate MRI evaluation of endometrial carcinomas.
The endometrial carcinoma protocol is optimally performed after 3 hours of fasting to reduce bowel peristalsis and following administration of an antiperistaltic agent unless contraindicated.
Supine posi...
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