240 results found
Article
Scoliosis
Scoliosis (plural: scolioses) is defined as an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. It is quite common in young individuals and is often idiopathic and asymptomatic. In some cases, however, it is the result of underlying structural or neurological abnormalities.
Terminology
Early onset sco...
Article
Idiopathic scoliosis
Idiopathic scoliosis describes scoliosis that has no clinically or radiologically identifiable underlying cause. It is the dominant type of scoliosis with ~80% of all scolioses being idiopathic.
Pathology
Idiopathic scoliosis can be classified by age into:
adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (>11...
Article
Scoliosis radiography
Scoliosis radiography is useful in identifying the degree of the scoliosis curvature (major/minor or primary/compensatory curves), as well as observing progression to determine the best treatment method 1.
Indications
Scoliosis radiographs are performed specifically when the disease is suspe...
Article
Congenital scoliosis
Congenital scoliosis refers to scoliosis resulting from a congenital abnormality of the vertebra, e.g. a segmentation or fusion defect.
Terminology
There are several definitions of congenital scoliosis. Some authors include neurological congenital causes. In this article, our focus will only ...
Article
Neuromuscular scoliosis
Neuromuscular scoliosis is a term that can be used to describe scoliosis that is caused by underlying brain, spine or muscular conditions. While the underlying conditions can be a very broad group of disparate conditions, they tend to result in similar spinal curves.
Radiographic features
Neur...
Article
Scoliosis surgery (overview)
Scoliosis surgery is indicated when conservative management has failed.
Indications
Cobb angle ≥45º (skeletally immature) or ≥40-50º (skeletally mature) 1,2
progressive scoliosis deformity
spinal functional compromise
pain not responsive to non-operative treatment
pulmonary function compro...
Article
Scoliosis (PA/AP view)
The scoliosis posteroanterior/anteroposterior (PA/AP) view allows for visualizing the thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies of interest.
Indications
This projection is used in determining scoliosis in patients and allows for the severity of lateral spinal curvature to be assessed 1.
Patient po...
Article
Scoliosis (erect lateral view)
The scoliosis erect lateral view is performed to visualize the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae of interest in profile.
Indications
This projection is done in cases of scoliosis and often done upon first presentation as a useful examination in identifying spondylolisthesis and the degree of kyph...
Article
Scoliosis (lateral bending view)
Scoliosis lateral bending views are additional scoliosis projections accompanying the standard PA/AP and lateral views.
Indications
The aim of this view is to assess patients' lateral range of spinal motion 1 in the vertebral column as part of a scoliosis series.
Patient position
patient er...
Article
Anterior instrumentation and fusion (scoliosis)
Anterior instrumentation and fusion is a surgical procedure used in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis to correct vertebral curvature. This technique is preferred to posterior instrumentation and fusion in skeletally immature patients with a Lenke 5C thoracolumbar or lumbar adolescent...
Article
Posterior instrumentation and fusion (scoliosis)
Posterior instrumentation and fusion is a surgical technique to improve spinal curvature in scoliosis patients.
Procedure
The vertebral column is manipulated into the desired position and held in place with metalwork namely pedicle screws and/or hooks transfixed with rods with or without in si...
Article
Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis
Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease.
Clinical presentation
Abnormal horizontal gaze while normal vertical gaze and kyphoscoliosis. Horizontal gaze requires the action of ipsilateral abducent nerve and contralateral oculomotor nerve and...
Case
Scoliosis
Published
05 Feb 2017
91% complete
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Case
Scoliosis
Published
21 Sep 2023
82% complete
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Case
Scoliosis
Published
25 Nov 2016
74% complete
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Case
Idiopathic scoliosis
Published
20 Jan 2023
90% complete
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Annotated image
Case
Scoliosis
Published
03 Nov 2020
72% complete
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Case
Congenital scoliosis
Published
09 Jul 2021
91% complete
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Case
Congenital scoliosis
Published
05 Aug 2021
89% complete
MRI
Case
Infantile vertebral scoliosis
Published
26 Sep 2018
97% complete
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