Gasperini syndrome
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Gasperini syndrome is a rare pontine stroke syndrome that involves the caudal pons tegmentum.
Clinical presentation
Classically, the syndrome presents with 1-3:
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ipsilateral impairmentinvolvement of the CN V nucleusleading to: ipsilateral facial sensory loss -
ipsilateral impairmentinvolvement of the CN VI nucleusleading to: ipsilateral impaired eye abduction -
ipsilateral impairmentinvolvement of the CN VII nucleusleading to: ipsilateral facial palsy and hyperacusis -
ipsilateral impairmentinvolvement of the CN VIII nucleusleading to: vertigo and ipsilateral nystagmus - involvement of the spinothalamic tract: contralateral hemi-sensory impairment
Pathology
A lesion of the caudal pons tegmentum is usually caused by an ischaemic stroke, usually due to occlusion of either pontine branches of the basilar artery or the long circumferential branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery 1,2, but can also be seen due to demyelination or haemorrhage 3.
Radiographic features
Lesions are in the caudal pons tegmentum with imaging characteristics depending on underlying cause 2,3.
History and etymology
The syndrome was first described by Ubaldo Gasperini (1880-1918), an Italian physician, in 1912 1,4.
-<li>ipsilateral impairment of the <a href="/articles/trigeminal-nerve">CN </a><a href="/articles/trigeminal-nerve">V</a> nucleus leading to facial sensory loss</li>-<li>ipsilateral impairment of the <a href="/articles/abducens-nerve">CN VI</a> nucleus leading to impaired eye abduction</li>-<li>ipsilateral impairment of the <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">CN VII</a> nucleus leading to facial palsy and hyperacusis</li>-<li>ipsilateral impairment of the <a href="/articles/vestibulocochlear-nerve">CN VIII</a> nucleus leading to vertigo and nystagmus</li>-<li>contralateral hemi-sensory impairment</li>-</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>A lesion of the caudal pons tegmentum is usually caused by an ischaemic stroke, usually due to occlusion of either pontine branches of the basilar artery or the long circumferential branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery <sup>1,2</sup>, but can also be seen due to demyelination or haemorrhage <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>Lesions are in caudal pons tegmentum with imaging characteristics depending on underlying cause <sup>2,3</sup>.</p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>The syndrome was first described by <strong>Ubaldo Gasperini</strong> (1880-1918), an Italian physician, in 1912 <sup>1,</sup><sup>4</sup>.</p>- +<li>involvement of the <a href="/articles/trigeminal-nerve">CN </a><a href="/articles/trigeminal-nerve">V</a> nucleus: ipsilateral facial sensory loss</li>
- +<li>involvement of the <a href="/articles/abducens-nerve">CN VI</a> nucleus: ipsilateral impaired eye abduction</li>
- +<li>involvement of the <a href="/articles/facial-nerve">CN VII</a> nucleus: ipsilateral facial palsy and hyperacusis</li>
- +<li>involvement of the <a href="/articles/vestibulocochlear-nerve">CN VIII</a> nucleus: vertigo and ipsilateral nystagmus</li>
- +<li>involvement of the <a href="/articles/spinothalamic-tracts">spinothalamic tract</a>: contralateral hemi-sensory impairment</li>
- +</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>A lesion of the caudal pons tegmentum is usually caused by an ischaemic stroke, usually due to occlusion of either pontine branches of the <a href="/articles/basilar-artery">basilar artery</a> or the long circumferential branch of the <a href="/articles/anterior-inferior-cerebellar-artery">anterior inferior cerebellar artery</a> <sup>1,2</sup>, but can also be seen due to demyelination or haemorrhage <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>Lesions are in the caudal pons tegmentum with imaging characteristics depending on underlying cause <sup>2,3</sup>.</p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>The syndrome was first described by <strong>Ubaldo Gasperini</strong> (1880-1918), an Italian physician, in 1912 <sup>1,</sup><sup>4</sup>.</p>
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