Patellar fracture
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Patella fracture is one of the common knee injuries usually post direct trauma to the patella or sudden forceful contraction of the quadriceps muscles in a context of sport injury.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with marked swelling swelling and pain over the patella with point tenderness and marked marked reduction in extension extension strength. Usually there is a large joint effusion or hemarthrosis.
Pathology
There are different causes for patella fracture:
- direct blow to patella
-, e.g. dashboard injury - severe
forces byforces by extensor mechanism - after
anterioranterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstruction - after total knee reconstruction
-
pathologicpathological fracture
Radiographic features
Morphology
- transverse fracture in mid patella (most common)
- comminuted
fracturefracture - vertical fracture (rare)
- osteochondral defect usually from medial facet
-
patellar sleeve fracture in
childrenchildren
Some fractures are more subtle and need to be differentiated from normal variants.
Treatment and prognosis
For the treatment of transverse fractures, the classic method is the tension band.
Differential diagnosis
- bipartite patella: well corticated
-<p><strong>Patella fracture</strong> is one of the common knee injuries usually post direct trauma to the patella or sudden forceful contraction of the quadriceps muscles in a context of sport injury.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Patients present with marked swelling and pain over the patella with point tenderness and marked reduction in extension strength. Usually there is a large joint effusion or hemarthrosis.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>There are different causes for patella fracture:</p><ul>-<li>direct blow to patella - dashboard injury</li>-<li>severe forces by extensor mechanism</li>-<li>after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction </li>- +<p><strong>Patella fracture</strong> is one of the common knee injuries usually post direct trauma to the patella or sudden forceful contraction of the quadriceps muscles in a context of sport injury.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Patients present with marked swelling and pain over the patella with point tenderness and marked reduction in extension strength. Usually there is a large joint effusion or hemarthrosis.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>There are different causes for patella fracture:</p><ul>
- +<li>direct blow to patella, e.g. dashboard injury</li>
- +<li>severe forces by extensor mechanism</li>
- +<li>after <a title="anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction" href="/articles/anterior-cruciate-ligament-reconstruction">anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction</a>
- +</li>
-<li>pathologic fracture</li>-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><ul>- +<li><a title="Pathological fracture" href="/articles/pathological-fracture">pathological fracture</a></li>
- +</ul><h5>Morphology</h5><ul>
-<li>comminuted fracture </li>-<li>vertical fracture</li>-<li>osteochondral defect usually from medial facet </li>- +<li>comminuted fracture </li>
- +<li>vertical fracture (rare)</li>
-<a href="/articles/patellar-sleeve-fractures">patellar sleeve fracture </a>in children</li>- +<a title="Osteochondral defect" href="/articles/osteochondral-defect">osteochondral defect</a> usually from medial facet </li>
- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/patellar-sleeve-fractures">patellar sleeve fracture </a>in children</li>
References changed:
- 5. Scolaro J, Bernstein J, Ahn J. In Brief: Patellar Fractures. Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research. 2011;469(4):1213-5. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-010-1537-8">doi:10.1007/s11999-010-1537-8</a>
Images Changes:
Image 8 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )
Caption
was changed:
Case 9: vertical fracture
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