Ossification centers of the ankle
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Knipe H, Glick Y, Hacking C, et al. Ossification centers of the ankle. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 21 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-24708
rID:
24708
Article created:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Henry Knipe had no recorded disclosures.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosures
Last revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Yaïr Glick had no recorded disclosures.
View Yaïr Glick's current disclosures
Revisions:
6 times, by
6 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Sections:
Tags:
Synonyms:
- Ankle ossification centres
- Ossification centres of ankle
Ossification centers of the ankle vary in timing from reference to reference but an approximation of their appearance is listed below.
Distal tibia
- tibial shaft: 7 weeks in utero
- distal tibia: 4-12 months
- medial malleolus forms from the distal tibial epiphyses at 7-10 years
Distal fibula
- fibular shaft: 8 weeks in utero
- distal fibula: 6-12 months
Talus
- 6 months in utero
Calcaneus
- 3 months in utero
References
- 1. Jamie Weir, Peter H. Abrahams et al. Imaging atlas of human anatomy. Edinburgh; Mosby, 2003. ISBN:0723432945. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Butler P, Mitchell A, Healy JC. Applied Radiological Anatomy. Cambridge University Press. (2012) ISBN:0521766664. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 3. LaMont L, Ladenhauf HN, Edobor-Osula F, Bogner E, Do HT, Green DW. Secondary ossification centers in the development of the medial malleolus. (2015) Journal of pediatric orthopedics. 35 (3): 314-7. doi:10.1097/BPO.0000000000000266 - Pubmed
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