Bunny waveform sign
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Bell D, Deng F, Weerakkody Y, Bunny waveform sign. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 14 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-69338
rID:
69338
Article created:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Daniel J Bell had no recorded disclosures.
View Daniel J Bell's current disclosures
Last revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Francis Deng had no recorded disclosures.
View Francis Deng's current disclosures
Revisions:
3 times, by
3 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Sections:
Synonyms:
- Bunny rabbit waveform
- Vertebral bunny waveform
- Rabbit waveform sign
Bunny waveform sign refers to the biphasic morphology of the pulsed wave Doppler spectral waveform in the vertebral artery in early (occult/latent or partial) subclavian steal phenomenon (sometimes called a "presteal" state, before it progresses to frank flow reversal). There is a sharp deceleration of flow during peak systole due to a drop in pressure in the stenotic segment of the subclavian artery when flow is fastest 2. Different depictions differ as to whether the bunny is facing to the left 2-7 or right 8,9.
References
- 1. Ridley LJ, Xiang H, Han J, Ridley WE. Animal signs in Radiology: method of creating a compendium. (2018) Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology. 62 Suppl 1: 7-11. doi:10.1111/1754-9485.12783 - Pubmed
- 2. Kliewer MA, Hertzberg BS, Kim DH, Bowie JD, Courneya DL, Carroll BA. Vertebral artery Doppler waveform changes indicating subclavian steal physiology. (2000) AJR. American journal of roentgenology. 174 (3): 815-9. doi:10.2214/ajr.174.3.1740815 - Pubmed
- 3. De Brucker Y, Peeters E, Goethals LR, Van Looveren K, François O, Van Hedent E. The vertebral bunny waveform: an early manifestation of the subclavian steal syndrome. (2012) JBR-BTR : organe de la Societe royale belge de radiologie (SRBR) = orgaan van de Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor Radiologie (KBVR). 95 (5): 340. Pubmed
- 4. Han J, Xiang H, Ridley WE, Ridley LJ. Bunny waveform: Early feature of subclavian steal syndrome. (2018) Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology. 62 Suppl 1: 22. doi:10.1111/1754-9485.09_12785 - Pubmed
- 5. Sharma P, Kochar P, Soin P, Cohen S. Bisystolic Vertebral Artery: Critical Finding or can be Ignored?. (2019) Journal of clinical imaging science. 9: 2. doi:10.4103/jcis.JCIS_80_18 - Pubmed
- 6. Rohren EM, Kliewer MA, Carroll BA, Hertzberg BS. A spectrum of Doppler waveforms in the carotid and vertebral arteries. (2003) AJR. American journal of roentgenology. 181 (6): 1695-704. doi:10.2214/ajr.181.6.1811695 - Pubmed
- 7. Gupta P, Lyons S, Hedgire S. Ultrasound imaging of the arterial system. (2019) Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy. 9 (Suppl 1): S2-S13. doi:10.21037/cdt.2019.02.05 - Pubmed
- 8. Tahmasebpour HR, Buckley AR, Cooperberg PL, Fix CH. Sonographic examination of the carotid arteries. (2005) Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 25 (6): 1561-75. doi:10.1148/rg.256045013 - Pubmed
- 9. de Deus Passos M, Moreira Alves L, César de Jesus P, Fernando Junqueira Jr F, França Vasconcelos D. An Update on Doppler Ultrasound of Vertebral Arteries: Subclavian Steal Syndrome. Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2016;29(2):58-62. doi:10.5935/2318-8219.20160015
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