Latissimus dorsi muscle
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View Ryan Thibodeau's current disclosures- Latissimus dorsi muscles
- Lats (muscle)
- Latissimi dorsi muscles
Latissimus dorsi muscle (plural: latissimi dorsi muscles, and colloquially often shortened to the lats) is one of the muscles that attaches the upper limb to the vertebral column.
Summary
-
origin
spinous processes of T7-T12 vertebrae and thoracolumbar fascia
posterior third of the iliac crest
9th-12th ribs
inferior angle of the scapula
insertion: floor of the bicipital groove of the humerus
innervation: thoracodorsal nerve from the posterior cord (C6-C8 nerve roots)3
arterial supply: thoracodorsal artery (a branch of the subscapular artery)
action: adduction, internal rotation and extension of the shoulder joint
Gross anatomy
The latissimus dorsi is a large muscle of the back with a very wide origin. Its fleshy fibers originates from the T7-T12 spinous processes. Blending with the thoracolumbar fascia below T12, the muscle origin becomes aponeurotic and continues down the spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of all lumbar and sacral vertebrae, as well as the posterior third of the iliac crest more laterally (and thus is the only muscle of the upper limb which also attaches to the pelvic girdle).
As the fibers converge superiorly, it receives additional reinforcement fibers from the 9th to 12th ribs and the inferior angle of the scapula, prior to its insertion onto the floor of the bicipital groove of the humerus between the tendons of the pectoralis major laterally and the teres major medially.
References
- 1. Schuenke M, Schulte E, Schumacher U et-al. General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System. Thieme. (2010) ISBN:1604062924. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Susan Standring. Gray's Anatomy. ISBN: 9780702052309
- 3. Robert M. H. McMinn. Last's Anatomy. (2019) ISBN: 9780729543576 - Google Books
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Related articles: Anatomy: Upper limb
-
skeleton of the upper limb
- clavicle
- scapula
- humerus
- radius
- ulna
- hand
- accessory ossicles of the upper limb
- accessory ossicles of the shoulder
- accessory ossicles of the elbow
-
accessory ossicles of the wrist (mnemonic)
- os centrale carpi
- os epilunate
- os epitriquetrum
- os styloideum
- os hamuli proprium
- lunula
- os triangulare
- trapezium secondarium
- os paratrapezium
- os radiostyloideum (persistent radial styloid)
- joints of the upper limb
-
pectoral girdle
-
shoulder joint
- articulations
- associated structures
- joint capsule
- bursae
- ligaments
- movements
- scapulothoracic joint
-
glenohumeral joint
- arm flexion
- arm extension
- arm abduction
- arm adduction
- arm internal rotation (medial rotation)
- arm external rotation (lateral rotation)
- circumduction
- arterial supply - scapular anastomosis
- ossification centers
-
shoulder joint
-
elbow joint
- proximal radioulnar joint
- ligaments
- associated structures
- movements
- alignment
- arterial supply - elbow anastomosis
- development
-
wrist joint
- articulations
-
ligaments
- intrinsic ligaments
- extrinsic ligaments
- radioscaphoid ligament
- dorsal intercarpal ligament
- dorsal radiotriquetral ligament
- dorsal radioulnar ligament
- volar radioulnar ligament
- radioscaphocapitate ligament
- long radiolunate ligament
- Vickers ligament
- short radiolunate ligament
- ulnolunate ligament
- ulnotriquetral ligament
- ulnocapitate ligament
- ulnar collateral ligament
- associated structures
- extensor retinaculum
- flexor retinaculum
- joint capsule
- movements
- alignment
- ossification centers
-
hand joints
- articulations
- carpometacarpal joint
-
metacarpophalangeal joints
- palmar ligament (plate)
- collateral ligament
-
interphalangeal joints
- palmar ligament (plate)
- collateral ligament
- movements
- ossification centers
- articulations
-
pectoral girdle
- spaces of the upper limb
- muscles of the upper limb
- shoulder girdle
- anterior compartment of the arm
- posterior compartment of the arm
-
anterior compartment of the forearm
- superficial
- intermediate
- deep
-
posterior compartment of the forearm (extensors)
- superficial
- deep
- muscles of the hand
-
accessory muscles
- elbow
- volar wrist midline
- palmaris longus profundus
- aberrant palmaris longus
- volar wrist radial-side
- accessory flexor digitorum superficialis indicis
- flexor indicis profundus
- flexor carpi radialis vel profundus
- accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus (Gantzer muscle, common)
- volar wrist ulnar-side
- dorsal wrist
- blood supply to the upper limb
-
arteries
- subclavian artery (mnemonic)
- axillary artery
- brachial artery (proximal portion)
- ulnar artery
- radial artery
- veins
-
arteries
- innervation of the upper limb
- intercostobrachial nerve
-
brachial plexus (mnemonic)
- branches from the roots
- branches from the trunks
- branches from the cords
- lateral cord
- posterior cord
- medial cord
- terminal branches
- lymphatic drainage of the upper limb
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