Sphincter of Oddi
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At the time the article was created Henry Knipe had no recorded disclosures.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Daniel J Bell had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Daniel J Bell's current disclosures- Hepatopancreatic ampulla sphincter
- Sphincter of ampulla
- Choledochal sphincter
- Choledochal sphincters
- Sphincters of ampulla
- Sphincters of Oddi
The sphincter of Oddi, also known as the sphincter of ampulla or choledochal sphincter, is a sphincter within the duodenal wall which regulates the passage of bile and pancreatic secretions into the small bowel.
Gross anatomy
Structure
The sphincter of Oddi comprises a complex of four smooth muscle sphincters:
superior sphincter choledochus
inferior sphincter choledochus (a.k.a. sphincter of Boyden)
sphincter pancreaticus
sphincter ampullae
These 4 sphincters surround and fix the duct of Wirsung, common bile duct and the ampulla of Vater to the duodenum 1,2.
Function
When relaxed the sphincter of Oddi complex allows the passage of bile and pancreatic secretions into the small intestine and when contracted prevents the reflux of duodenal contents into the pancreaticobiliary ducts and helps facilitate the filling of the gallbladder 1.
History and etymology
The sphincter of Oddi is named after Ruggero Oddi (1845-1906), who described the structure in 1887. He was a physiologist at the University of Perugia who later worked in Rome as both a surgeon and anatomist 3,6,7. However a more detailed anatomical description of the sphincter components were provided by an American anatomist Edward Allen Boyden (1886-1976) 4,5.
References
- 1. Lack EE. Pathology of the pancreas, gallbladder, extrahepatic biliary tract, and ampullary region. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN:0195133927. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Seetharam P, Rodrigues G. Sphincter of Oddi and its dysfunction. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2008;14 (1): 1-6. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.37793 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
- 3. Kanne JP, Rohrmann CA, Lichtenstein JE. Eponyms in radiology of the digestive tract: historical perspectives and imaging appearances. Part 2. Liver, biliary system, pancreas, peritoneum, and systemic disease. Radiographics. 2006;26 (2): 465-80. doi:10.1148/rg.262055130 - Pubmed citation
- 4. Edward Allen Boyden (1886-1976). Smithsonian Institution Archives.
- 5. Rodrigues G & Seetharam P. Sphincter of Oddi and Its Dysfunction. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2008;14(1):1. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.37793 - Pubmed
- 6. John Adam Lourie. Medical Eponyms. (1982) ISBN: 0272796433 - Google Books
- 7. Barry G. Firkin, J.A. Whitworth. Dictionary of Medical Eponyms, Second Edition, Paperback. (2001) ISBN: 9781850703334 - Google Books
Incoming Links
- Bile sump syndrome
- Sphincter (disambiguation)
- Intrapancreatic gas
- Pancreatic ducts
- Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
- Pseudocalculus sign (common bile duct)
- Cholescintigraphy
- Pneumobilia
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
- Bulging duodenal papilla
- Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction
- Brunner glands
- Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
- Ampulla of Vater
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