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Placental infarction

Radswiki et al.

Placental infarction refers to a localized area of ischemic villous necrosis. It is a significant cause of placental insufficiency.

On this page:

Article:

Epidemiology
Pathology
Radiographic features
Treatment and prognosis
See also
References

Epidemiology

A localized infarction can occurs in up to ~12.5% (range 5-20%) of all gestations.

Pathology

It usually results from an interrupted maternal blood supply

Location

Placental infarcts are more common at the periphery of the placenta.

Associations

post-term pregnancies
maternal hypertension
retroplacental hemorrhage
other maternal medical conditions
- anticardiolipin antibodies
- chronic nephritis
- systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- diabetic microangiopathy

Radiographic features

Antenatal ultrasound

Most placental infarcts are difficult to diagnose on ultrasound. They may on occasion be seen as a hypoechoic region with thick hyperechoic rim and/or as a well circumscribed mixed/hyperechoic pattern mass.

Treatment and prognosis

Those that occur at the placental margins are usually of no clinical significance at this location. An infarction in the first or second trimester within the center of the placenta or with extensive involvement of the placenta (more than 50%) is much more concerning.

Complications

Intrauterine growth retardation, fetal death, and recurrent abortion have been associated with large (>10% of parenchyma) or early onset infarctions.

See also

placental insufficiency

Quiz questions

References

Article information

rID: 15485

System: Obstetrics, Gynaecology

Tag: cases

Synonyms or Alternate Spellings:

Placental infarct
Infarction of the placenta
Placental infarcts
Placental infarctions

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