Proton density weighted spin-echo images
Last revised by Mohd Ashyiraff Ilani Bin Ismail
on 24 Nov 2024
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Drew Z, Ismail M, Kohanteb P, et al. Proton density weighted spin-echo images. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 28 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-60744
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rID:
60744
Article created:
4 Jun 2018,
Zach Drew
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Zach Drew had no recorded disclosures.
View Zach Drew's current disclosures
Last revised:
24 Nov 2024,
Mohd Ashyiraff Ilani Bin Ismail
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Mohd Ashyiraff Ilani Bin Ismail had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Mohd Ashyiraff Ilani Bin Ismail's current disclosures
Revisions:
11 times, by
8 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Sections:
Synonyms:
- Proton density weighted spin-echo images
- Proton-density weighted images
Proton density (PD) weighted images are related to the number of nuclei in the area being imaged (number of hydrogen protons), as opposed to the magnetic characteristics of the hydrogen nuclei. They are produced from the first echo. Proton density weighted images result when the contribution of both T1 and T2 contrast is minimized. They have a long TR (2000+ms) to minimize T1 differences because all tissues exhibit full longitudinal relaxation before the next 90 degrees RF pulse. They have a short TE (TE1, 20ms) to minimize T2 differences. Higher proton density tissues appear brighter (CSF > fat > gray matter > white matter).
In musculoskeletal imaging, TR is more than 1000 msec and TE is less than 30 msec. PD weighted imaging is widely used in MR study of the joint for musculoskeletal imaging. It provides good anatomic detail but little overall tissue contrast. In the cervical spine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has slightly higher intensity than intervertebral discs in proton density images 2.
Quiz questions
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References
- 1. Jerrold T. Bushberg, John M. Boone. The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging. (2011) ISBN: 9780781780575
- 2. Major N, Anderson M, Helms C, Kaplan P, Dussault R. Basic Principles of Musculoskeletal MRI. Musculoskeletal MRI. 2020;:1-22. Pages 5, 7.doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-41560-6.00001-9
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