Biparietal diameter
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View Wilson Tao's current disclosures- BPD
- Biparietal diameter (BPD)
Biparietal diameter (BPD) is one of the basic biometric parameters used to assess fetal size.
BPD together with head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) are computed to produce an estimate of fetal weight. In the second trimester this may be extrapolated to an estimate of gestational age and an estimated due date (EDD).
Measurement technique
The BPD should be measured on an axial plane that traverses the thalami, and cavum septum pellucidum. The transducer must be perpendicular to the central axis of the head, and thus the hemispheres and calvaria should appear symmetric.
The calipers can be placed at the:
outer-to-inner edge of the calvarial wall
outer-to-outer edge of the calvarial wall (preferred) 5
The cerebellar hemispheres should not be in the plane of the image.
Interpretation
BPD has been shown to be accurate in predicting gestational age from 14 to 20 weeks 2. The variability increases after this time. BPD may also be influenced by factors such as abnormalities of head shape, breech presentation, or multiple gestations. Head circumference (HC) may be a more reliable measurement if there is variant head shape 4.
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See also
Quiz questions
References
- 1. Callen PW. Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Elsevier Health Sciences. (2011) ISBN:1455726745. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Campbell S, Warsof SL, Little D et-al. Routine ultrasound screening for the prediction of gestational age. Obstet Gynecol. 1985;65 (5): 613-20. - Pubmed citation
- 3. Salomon LJ, Alfirevic Z, Berghella V et-al. Practice guidelines for performance of the routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37 (1): 116-26. doi:10.1002/uog.8831 - Pubmed citation
- 4. AIUM practice guideline for the performance of obstetric ultrasound examinations. J Ultrasound Med. 2013;32 (6): 1083-101. doi:10.7863/ultra.32.6.1083 - Pubmed citation
- 5. Salomon L, Alfirevic Z, Berghella V et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines (Updated): Performance of the Routine Mid‐trimester Fetal Ultrasound Scan. Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne. 2022;59(6):840-56. doi:10.1002/uog.24888 - Pubmed
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- Medical abbreviations and acronyms (B)
- Shortened fetal humerus
- Head circumference
- Crown rump length
- Gestational age
- Fetal abdominal circumference
- Redating pregnancy (ultrasound)
- Shortened fetal femur
- Microcephaly
- Fetal MRI
- Second trimester ultrasound scan
- Femur length (obstetric ultrasound)
- Fetal biometric parameters
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