Atypical ribs
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
At the time the article was created Dinesh Palipana had no recorded disclosures.
View Dinesh Palipana's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Kajanan Nithiyananthan had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Kajanan Nithiyananthan's current disclosuresOwing to their features, the first, eleventh and twelfth ribs are considered atypical ribs. Some authors also include the second and tenth ribs as atypical. Atypical features are summarized below:
-
first rib
strongest, broadest and most curved
tubercle at the inner border marks the attachment of scalenus anterior muscle 2
subclavius is attached to sternal end of the rib
-
has grooves for the subclavian vein, artery, and brachial plexus
the subclavian vein (anterior) is separated from subclavian artery (posterior) by scalene tubercle 2
brachial plexus lies posterior to the subclavian artery 2
single facet articulation with T1 vertebrae 2
-
second rib
less curved and two times lengthier than the first rib 2
anterior surface marks one of the origins of the serratus anterior muscle
tubercle on its external border marks the attachment of second head of the scalenus anterior muscle 2
-
tenth rib
differs from other typical ribs by a single facet articulation with the T10 vertebrae 2
-
eleventh and twelfth ribs
shorter (no neck or tubercles) and do not attach to the sternum
single facet articulation with the same-level vertebrae
twelfth rib has no subcostal groove 2
References
- 1. Last's Anatomy. Churchill Livingstone. ISBN:0702033944. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. 10. Stephanie Ryan, Michelle McNicholas, Stephen J. Eustace. Anatomy for Diagnostic Imaging. (2011). Chapter 4: The thorax. Page 113, 114. ISBN: 9780702029714 - Google Books
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